History Today :America first doctor first millatry academy, crowned of Mary Stuart at 6 days old

• 557 Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire, is significantly damaged by a 6.4 magnitude earthquake
• 644 Uthman ibn Affan, companion of Muhammad, appointed 3rd Caliph of Islam
• 835 Chinese Emperor Wenzong conspires with chancellor Li Xun and general Zheng Zhu to kill all the eunuchs, but the plot is foiled. Also known as the Sweet Dew Incident
• 867 Adrian II begins his reign as Catholic Pope
• 872 John VIII elected as Catholic Pope
• 1124 Theobald Buccapecus elected Pope Coelestinus II (he refuses)
• 1287 During St. Lucia's Flood in Northwest Netherlands the Zuiderzee seawall collapses                   with loss of over 50,000 lives. Fifth largest recorded flood in history
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• 1575 Polish Parliament selects Istvan Bathory as king of Poland
• 1582 Zealand/Brabant Neth adopt Gregorian calendar, tomorrow is 12/25
• 1600 Olivier van Noort sinks Spanish galleon San Diego at Bay of Manila, 350 die
• 1656 Artificial pearls 1st manufactured by M Jacquin in Paris made of gypsum pellets covered with fish scales
• 1702 The Forty-seven Ronin, under the command of Ōishi Kuranosuke, avenge the death of their master.
• 1708 Prosper Jolyot's "Electre" premieres in Paris
• 1751 The first military academy in the world, the Theresian Military Academy, is founded in Austria
• 1774 Portsmouth, New Hampshire militiamen successfully attacked arsenal of Ft William & Mary
• 1782 Charleston, SC evacuated by British
• 1793 1st state road authorized, Frankfort, Ky to Cincinnati
• 1798 David Wilkinson of Rhode Island patents a nut & bolt machine
• 1814 The Battle of Lake Borgne in Louisiana: British victory over the United States
• 1819 Alabama admitted to Union as 22nd state
• 1836 The Toledo War unofficially ends.
• 1849 1st chamber music group in US gives their 1st concert (Boston)
• 1862 Battle of Kinston, North Carolina (US Civil War)
• 1863 Battle of Bean's Station-Confederacy repulses Union in Tennessee
• 1889 American Academy of Political & Social Science organized, Phila
• 1894 Day One 1st Test Cricket Aus v Eng Aust 5-346 (Giffen 161, Gregory 85)
• 1894 Test Cricket debut of Joe Darling, Ernie Jones, Archie MacLaren
• 1896 The Glasgow Underground Railway is opened by the Glasgow District Subway Company
• 1900 Birth of Quantum Physics: German Physicist Max Planck presents a theoretical derivation of his black-body radiation law
• 1900 France and Italy sign a secret agreement by which Italy recognizes France's right to exploit Morocco in return for France's conceding her the same right in Tripoli
• 1901 1st table tennis tournament is held (London Royal Aquarium)
• 1903 Reg Foster completes 287 England v Australia on Test Cricket debut
• 1903 The Wright brothers attempt to fly the Wright Flyer for the first time at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina
• 1907 The schooner Thomas W. Lawson runs aground and founders near the Hellweather's Reef within the Scilly Isles in a gale. The pilot and 15 seamen die.
• 1913 Greece formally takes possession of Crete
• 1914 Lisandro de la Torre and others found the Democratic Progressist Party (Partido Demócrata Progresista, PDP) at the Hotel Savoy, Buenos Aires.
• 1915 Jack Johnson is 1st black world heavyweight boxing champion
• 1916 America's first board certified doctors are named by the American Board of Ophthalmology following an examination at the University of Tennessee Medical School in Memphis, TN
• 1917 UFA, Universal Film AG, forms in Germany.
• 1929 Alexander Zaimis elected president of Greece
• 1930 NY Giants defeat Notre Dame 22-0 in a charity game
• 1931 1st assembly of Anton Musserts NSB in Utrecht
• 1932 French government of Herriot falls
• 1933 Josephine Baker performs in Amsterdam
• 1934 1st streamlined steam locomotive introduced (Albany NY)
• 1935 Test Cricket debut of "Chuck" Fleetwood-Smith v South Africa, Durban
• 1937 Japanese troops conquer/plunder Nanjing
• 1938 AL permits Cleveland & Philadelphia to play night games
• 1938 Major leagues agrees on standard ball
• 1938 Major leagues disagree on increasing rosters from 23 to 25
• 1938 Will Harridge is elected to a 10-year-term as AL president
• 1939 Soviet Union attacks Finland-League of Nations drops Soviet Union
• 1941 1st NFL division playoff, Bears beat Packers 33-14
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• 1941 U-557 torpedoes British cruiser Galatea
• 1941 Japan and Thailand sign a treaty of alliance
• 1944 Begin(ning) Liese-Aktion: werving of labor force for Germany
• 1944 Congress establshes rank of General of Army (5-star General)
• 1944 German occupiers forbid use of electricity in parts of Holland
• 1945 Elmer Rice' "Dream Girl" premieres in NYC
• 1946 "Three to Make Ready" closes at Adelphi Theater NYC after 323 performances
• 1946 Togo made a trusteeship territory of UN
• 1946 UN General Assembly votes to establish UN HQs in NYC
• 1947 Cleveland Browns beat NY Yankees 14-3 in AAFC championship game
• 1947 The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) is founded in Daytona Beach, Florida.
• 1950 "Bless You All" opens at Mark Hellinger Theater NYC for 84 performances
• 1950 UN Gen Assembly establishes High Comm for Refugees (Nobel 1954)
• 1950 Baseball owners choose Lou Perini (Braves), Phil Wrigley (Cubs), Del Webb (Yankees), & Ellis Ryan (Indians) to select new commissioner
• 1952 KROD (now KDBC) TV channel 4 in El Paso, TX (CBS) begins broadcasting
• 1952 R H Shodhan scores 110 on Test Cricket debut v Pakistan, Calcutta
• 1952 Uprising of captives in Pongam South Korea, 82 die
• 1953 Brooklyn Dodgers sign pitcher Sandy Koufax
• 1954 WOAY TV channel 4 in Oak Hill-Beckley, WV (ABC) begins broadcasting
• 1955 Dutch Reformed Church condemns woman/wife as vicar
• 1955 Tappan Zee Bridge in NY opens to traffic
• 1955 16 countries join the United Nations, including Austria, Finland, Italy, and Spain
• 1956 Paul-Henri Spaak appointed secretary-general of NATO
• 1957 "Most Happy Fella" closes at Imperial Theater NYC after 678 performances
• 1957 "Rumple" closes at Alvin Theater NYC after 45 performances
• 1959 Archbishop Makarios proclaimed president of Cyprus
• 1959 J B Jordan in F-104C sets world altitude record, 31,513m
• 1960 Australia v West Indies 1st Test Cricket at the Gabba ends in a tie
• 1960 Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD) forms
• 1960 Washington Senators joins American League
• 1961 Jimmy Dean's "Big Bad John" is 1st country song to get a gold record
• 1962 Mariner 2 makes 1st US fly-by of another planet (Venus)
• 1962 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
• 1963 Verne Gagne beats The Crusher in Minneapolis, to become NWA champ
• 1964 Michael Brown meets Rene Fladen, then writes "Walk Away Rene"
• 1965 "La Grusse Valise" opens at 54th St Theater NYC for 7 performances
• 1967 DNA created in a test tube
• 1969 "La Strada" opens/closes at Lunt Fontanne NYC for 1 performance
• 1969 Bishen Bedi takes 7-98 (career-best) v Australia at Calcutta
• 1969 Jackson Five made their 1st appearance on "Ed Sullivan Show"
• 1971 Golden Gate Bridge lights out all night due to power failure
• 1971 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
• 1971 U.S. premiere of "Nicholas and Alexandra", film adaptation of Robert K. Massie's best selling novel
• 1971 The Pakistan Army executes over 200 of East Pakistan's intellectuals during the Bangladesh Liberation War
• 1972 Eugene Cernan & Harrison Schmitt leave the Moon
• 1972 Willy Brandt re-elected West German chancellor
• 1974 Islander Glenn Resch's 1st shut-out opponent-Kings 3-0
• 1974 Viv Richards scores 1st Test Cricket ton 192 v India 20 fours 6 sixes
• 1975 "Treemonisha" closes at Uris Theater NYC after 64 performances
• 1975 6 So Moluccan terrorists surrender, holding 23 hostages for 12 days
• 1975 WCPR (Brooklyn New York pirate radio station) begins broadcasting on 1620 AM
• 1976 Dutch 1st Chamber condemns Dutch Liberal/social dem abortion laws
• 1977 "Saturday Night Fever" starring John Travolta, premieres in NYC
• 1977 Egyptian & Israeli representatives gather in Cairo for first formal peace conference
• 1977 Red Sox trade Fergie Jenkins to Rangers for John Poloni & cash
• 1977 Test Cricket debut of Abdul Qadir, v England at Lahore
• 1977 War criminal Pieter Menten sentenced in Amsterdam to 15 years
• 1978 "Ballroom" opens at Majestic Theater NYC for 116 performances
• 1978 China performs nuclear test at Lop Nor, PRC
• 1978 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
• 1979 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
• 1980 "Onward Victoria" opens/closes at Martin Beck NYC for 1 performance
• 1980 Anders Kailur scores on 6th Islander penalty shot
• 1980 At 2 PM EST there is 10 minutes of silence in memory of John Lennon
• 1980 Minnesota Vikings pass for 456 yards against Cleveland Browns, winning 28-24
• 1980 Nancy Lopez/Curtis Strange wins LPGA J C Penney Golf Classic
• 1980 New Orleans Saints end 14 game losing streak, beat NY Jets 21-20
• 1980 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
• 1980 Massacre at Bob's Big Boy restaurant in Los Angeles with 3 people killed and 6 injured
• 1981 Israel annexes Golan Heights (seized from Syria in war of 1967)
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• 1983 "Peg" opens at Lunt-Fontanne Theater NYC for 5 performances
• 1984 Sportscaster Howard Cosell retires from Monday Night Football
• 1985 US Foreign Minister George Shultz arrives in West Berlin
• 1986 Voyager, piloted by Dick Rutan & Jeana Yeager, took off from Edwards AFB, California on 1st non-stop, non-refueled flight around world
• 1987 Allan Border scores 205 v NZ to become Australia's top rungetter
• 1987 Chrysler pleads no contest to selling driven vehicles as new
• 1988 CBS' $1.1 B bid wins exclusive 1990-94 major-league baseball rights
• 1988 NBA's Miami Heat wins 1st game ever, 89-88 (Clippers), after 17 loses
• 1988 Spanish General strike to protest austerity measures
• 1988 US agrees to talk to Palestine Liberation Org (1st time in 13 yrs)
• 1990 Right to Die case permits Nancy Cruzan to have her feeding tube removed, she dies 12 days later
• 1991 57th Heisman Trophy Award: Desmond Howard, Michigan (WR)
• 1991 Ferry boat Salem Express sinks in Red Sea, 476 killed
• 1992 52 people, including 25 children, are killed when a helicopter from Tkvarcheli is shot down during the War in Abkhazia
• 1993 Muslim fundamentalists murder 12 Kroates/Bosnians in Algeria
• 1994 Construction begins on the Three Gorges Dam, China
• 1995 "Les Miserables" opens at Cable Hall, Helsinki
• 1995 AIDS patient Jeff Getty recieves baboon bone marrow transplant
• 1995 Yugoslav Wars: The Dayton Agreement is signed in Paris by leaders of various governments ending the conflict in former Yugoslavia
• 1996 12th Soap Opera Digest Awards - Days of Our Lives wins
• 1996 62nd Heisman Trophy Award: Danny Wuerffel, Florida (QB)
• 1997 "View From the Bridge" opens at Criterion Theater, NYC
• 1997 Juli Inkster & Dottie Pepper win LPGA Diners Club Matches
• 1998 64th Heisman Trophy Award: Ricky Williams, Texas (RB)
• 1999 Flash floods in Venezuela after torrential rainfall results in the deaths of thousands of people and causes a total collapse in the state's infrastructure
• 2003 President of Pakistan Pervez Musharaf narrowly escapes an assassination attempt.
• 2009 75th Heisman Trophy Award: Mark Ingram, Jr., Alabama (RB)
• 2012 28 people, including 20 children, are shot to death at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Connecticut
• 2012 Australian Joel Parkinson wins the 2012 ASP World Tour
• 2012 Gene Wolfe wins the Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master Award
• 2015 Bus plunges off bridge into Balboa River near Argentina city of Rosario de la Frontera, killing 43 frontier police on board
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